About watch - watch movement

Quartz movements

In the 1970s, the Japanese company Miota made a remarkable discovery; the arrival of electricity in the crystalline rock caused the rock to generate regular frequencies, equal to every five frequencies. The discovery led to the movement of quartz from a battery source as its primary source of power, and as a result, vibrations caused by the battery's electrical current caused the watch to move. Unlike mechanical movements, Quartz movements had a discontinuous second motion, but now, with quartz technology, rotary movements move the second hand much smoother than mechanical watches.
The batteries of these watches last between 1 to 10 years, depending on the type of movement. Also, rechargeable batteries such as solar, tough solar, kinetic, and eco-drive last between 5 to 20 years depending on the usage and type of movement. The variety in both types of movements is wide.

In self-charging watches, there is a display of the battery charge level of the watch, which is mentioned in the following examples:

Display the amount of charge in Seiko KINETIC watches:

The second hand starts moving quickly downwards to slow down gradually and stops at 5, 10, 20, or 30, which indicates the watch charge. 

How to save energy in Casio Tough Solar watches:

It takes much power to properly operate various parts of a watch, including receiving time signals, alarms, sensors, and backlighting. This type of movement uses light energy for power supply, which is not necessarily natural light and can be charged with other and low light. It also has a lifespan of two years, which is one of the advantages of this type of battery.

Mechanical movements:

This type of movement is a complex set of small and interconnected components, the coordination of which results in the watch's activity.
Although the general design of mechanical watches has not changed for centuries, its technology is done with a close look at its components. Unlike the quartz movement powered by a battery, this movement uses energy stored in the main spring to move between gears, and the crown or the anchor stores this energy. These movements are generally divided into automatic, automatic turbine, and automatic carousel.

But the question is, how do the small, interconnected parts work?

How mechanical watches work:

Energy production is sometimes supplied through tuning handles or anchors in this movement. Its components include:
Power supply (which is an anchor or tuning handle), gears (responsible for energy transfer), oscillator (for energy distribution), and balancer (to maintain the oscillator's balance)

How mechanical turbine watches work

The difference between turbine movements and mechanical movements is in the fourth gear. This difference is made by changing the type and arrangement of the previous gears to transfer the energy produced. Its components include:
Power supply section (which is the anchor or tuning handle), gears (responsible for energy transfer), dancer (for energy distribution), stabilizing gear (the only part added in this type of engine), and balancer (to maintain the balance of the oscillator)
Click here to read the history.

watch the following videos for a better understanding:

How to tune wind-up mechanical watches:

It is advisable to tune your mechanical watches daily, even if you do not use them during the day, because you can get the energy needed by the movement to operate accurately in 24 hours. Land Of Watches suggests that busy people who can not tune their watches daily; Use Watch Winder.
[view watch winder products]
When tuning your watch, after turning the knob several times, you will reach the end of the rotation of the knob spring, at which point you no longer need to tune it. This is when your watch is fully adjusted. In hand-wind mechanical watches, the crown longer moves after the spring is fully retracted.
Tip about automatic mechanical watches: When turning the knob, if it does not rotate smoothly, stop tuning because the tuning spring of your timepiece has reached its maximum tuning, and if you continue, the watch will no longer move, and there is no use in tuning.

Gemstones in watch movements

Sometimes we see in the watch's specifications that the number of precious stones used in the movement is mentioned. But the question is, why use a piece of jewelry inside of a watch?
For example, Ingersoll automatic watches use about 35 jewels.

Stones or jewels are used to reduce friction at high-pressure points when the metal is rubbed against another metal; The oil that is applied to the metal decomposes, causing the internal axes of the watch to erode rapidly over time, so watchmakers have a solution for this process; Hard stones are used between the metal parts to get less friction on the metals used.
Watchmakers experimented with a variety of stones and jewels. Among the gemstones, diamonds and rubies were suitable for this purpose. However, using diamonds in wristwatches was not economically affordable, so companies used mainly rubies and gems.
In most watches, these jewels are used in axial connection sections. Throughout history, the number of jewels used in watches has increased and had positive results, to the point that only certain brands dared to use such gems. This issue was proven and spread to almost all watchmakers.
Different amounts of stones are used in two different watches, but automatic timepieces need more stones to reduce friction. The difference in the number of gemstones also depends on the design of the watch movement. Of course, more use of jewelry alone can not mean better quality of the watch because many factors play a role in the uniqueness of a brand, which must be considered.